Dermatophytosis Quiz

• Q1. This Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) has been FDA-approved for onychomycosis in 2014. What is the chemical name of the drug?

  1. Tavaborole

  2. Ciclopirox

  3. Amorolfine

  4. Tolnaftate

• Q2. The dermatophyte infection of the hair shaft does not go beyond this region of the hair. What is it called [Figure 1]?

  1. Line of Auber

  2. Adamson’s fringe

  3. Hair matrix

  4. Hair papilla

• Q3. What is the family of all dermatophytes in the taxonomic classification?

  1. Ascomycetes

  2. Onygenales

  3. Arthrodermatacea

  4. Eurotiomycetes

• Q4. This new species of Trichophyton similar to Trichophyton mentagrophyte/interdigitale complex has been described in 2019 based on Internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. It shows terbinafine resistance due to point mutation in the squalene epoxidase gene. This species has reached near-epidemic form on the Indian subcontinent. Name the species?

  1. Trichophyton indotineae

  2. Trichophyton concentricum

  3. Trichophyton mentagrophytes

  4. Trichophyton tonsurans

• Q5. Which of the following is not a true tinea?

  1. Tinea corporis

  2. Tinea pedis

  3. Tinea nigra

  4. Tinea manuum

• Q6. Which of the following does not show fluorescence on a Wood’s lamp?

  1. M. canis

  2. M. audouinii

  3. T. schoenleinii

  4. T. tonsurans

• Q7. Which of the following gene encodes lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase?

  1. ERG1

  2. ERG11

  3. ERG7

  4. ERG5

• Q8. Dermatophyte infection is initiated through?

  1. Macroconidia

  2. Microconidia

  3. Arthroconidia

  4. None

• Q9. Which of the following is a zoophilic fungus?

  1. Trichophyton schoenleinii

  2. Nannizzia persicolor

  3. Trichophyton indotineae

  4. Epidermophyton floccosum

• Q10. ‘Mackenzie brush technique’ is used for the diagnosis of?

  1. Tinea pedis

  2. Tinea capitis

  3. Tinea cruris

  4. Tinea manuum

• Q11. Which structure of the fungal cell wall is stained by lactophenol blue stain?

  1. Ergosterol

  2. Chitin

  3. Glucans

  4. Mannoproteins

• Q12. Microconidia of Epidermophyton

  1. Club shaped

  2. Cigar shaped

  3. Spindle shaped

  4. Absent

• Q13. How many genera of dermatophytosis have been named till date?

  1. 3

  2. 7

  3. 5

  4. 9

• Q14. What is the dermatophyte genetic size?

  1. 1.2–2.45 Mb

  2. 2.25–24.1 Mb

  3. 7.24–9.21 Mb

  4. 9.87–35.46 Mb

• Q15. For how many years you can store the arthroconidia of dermatophytes in commercially prepared cryogenic microbank vials?

  1. 4.5 years

  2. 5.5 years

  3. 2.5 years

  4. 3.5 years

• Q16. As per the symbiotic microbe theory T. rubrum is positively correlated with?

  1. Staphylococcus

  2. Corynebacterium

  3. Anaerococcus

  4. Propioniferax

• Q17. As per the symbiotic microbe theory, Staphylococcus has negative correlation with?

  1. Aspergillus

  2. Rhizopus

  3. Alternaria

  4. Malassezia

• Q18. IADVL task force for recalcitrant tinea (ITART) was established in which year?

  1. 2017

  2. 2016

  3. 2019

  4. 2018

• Q19. What is the maximum bioavailability of conventional itraconazole?

  1. 65%

  2. 55%

  3. 45%

  4. 50%

• Q20. Which is the only drug FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-approved for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and reducing the incidence of recurrent VVC?

  1. Ibrexafungerp

  2. Oteseconazole

  3. Rezafungin

  4. Isavuconazonium sulfate

• Q21. CDOI and SSU genes are responsible for?

  1. Initial adhesion

  2. Propagation of infection

  3. Inflammation

  4. Invasion of fungal hyphae

• Q22. Dermatophytosis test medium (DTM) has following characteristics except

  1. Contains pH indicator phenol red

  2. Most sensitive for onychomycosis culture

  3. It is based on SDA

  4. Soy peptone provides nitrogen and carbon source

• Q23. With respect to the onychomycosis severity index (OSI) all are true except?

  1. Max score is 35

  2. Moderate onychomycosis score 6–15

  3. Presence of dermatophytoma is given max five score

  4. Proximity to the nail matrix is one of the components in OSI

• Q24. What is the pellet size of innovator itraconazole molecule?

  1. 780–1012 µm

  2. 313–695 µm

  3. 912–1542 µm

  4. 1217–1382 µm

• Q25. Presence of such whitish bands [Figure 2] in the hair on dermoscopy is a clue towards an endothrix infection of the hair shaft. What is this finding called?

  1. Comma hair

  2. Morse code hair

  3. Zigzag hair

  4. Bent hair

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Figure 1:

The ultrastructure of hair with transition zone marked (red circle).

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Figure 2:

The dermoscopic picture of hair shaft with alternating light bands (yellow arrowheads).

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Ans: